Du Metier - Contents of Course

2 The Automobile

2.1 Automotive Running Gear
2.1.1 Engine
2.1.2 Transmission
2.1.3 Fuel System
2.1.4 Electrical System (Light Bulbs)
2.1.5 Steering System
2.1.6 Brakes
2.1.6.1 Drum Brakes
2.1.6.2 Disc Brakes
2.1.6.3 Brake Systems On Trucks
2.1.7 Examination Of Truck Brakes
2.1.8 Wheels
2.1.9 Tyres
2.1.9.1 Cornering Forces On Tyres
2.1.9.2 Tyre Examination
2.1.9.3 Valves
2.1.9.4 External Inspection
2.1.9.5 Disassembly And Interior Inspection
2.1.9.6 Common Causes Of Tyre Damage
2.1.9.7 Retreading Problems
2.2 Car Chassis And Body
2.2.1 The Chassis

3 Accident Reconstruction
3.1 Basic Physics
3.1.1 Motion And Momentum
3.1.2 Energy
3.2 Skidmark Analysis
3.2.1 Tyre Prints
3.2.2 Friction Marks
3.2.2.1 Tyre Skid Marks
3.2.2.2 Tyre Scuff Marks
3.2.2.2.1 Yaw Marks
3.2.2.2.2 Under-Inflation Or Overloading Scuffs
3.2.2.2.3 Acceleration Scuffs
3.2.2.2.4 Collision Scuffs
3.2.3 Determinations From Tyre Marks
3.3 Speed From Skid-Marks
3.3.1 Coefficient Of Friction (Method 1)
3.3.2 Coefficient Of Friction (Method 2)
3.3.3 Limitations Of The Locked Wheel Skid Mark Formula
3.3.3.1 Braking Efficiency
3.3.3.2 Gradient Of Road
3.3.3.3 Factors Affecting The Coefficient Of Friction
3.4 Speed From Centrifugal Marks - Yaw Marks
3.5 Collision Analysis
3.5.1 Symmetrical Head-Onn Impacts Between Cars
3.5.2 Car - Pedestrian Collisions
3.5.3 Motorcycle Accidents
3.5.3.1 Speed Lost On Impact
3.5.3.2 Speed Reduction From Pre-Impact Braking
3.5.3.3 Post Impact Dynamic Analysis Of Rider

Part II. Basic Photography

1 Introduction

2 Criminal Procedure Background

3 Description Of Photography

4 Light
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 The Visible Spectrum
4.1.2 Colour
4.2 Characteristics Of Light Waves
4.2.1 Transmission
4.2.2 Reflection
4.2.3 Absorption
4.2.4 Bending Or Refraction

5 The Photographic Process
5.1 Filmspeed
5.1.1 Description:

6 Cameras
6.1 Description
6.2 Types Of Cameras
6.2.1 35mm And 120mm Cameras
6.2.2 Double Lens Reflects Cameras
6.2.3 Single Lens Reflects Cameras
6.3 Basic Parts Of A Camera
6.4 Shutters
6.4.1 Functions Of The Shutter
6.4.2 Types Of Shutters
6.4.2.1 Between-The-Lens Type Shutter/Leaf Type Shutter
6.4.2.2 Focal Plane Shutter/Blind Type Shutter
6.4.2.3 Lenscap Shutter/Lid Shutter
6.4.3 Shutterspeed Settings
6.4.4 Handspeed Limit:
6.4.5 Time Exposure
6.4.6 Shutterspeed And Movement
6.5 Diaphragm (Apperture Or Lens Opening)
6.5.1 Functions Of The Diaphragm
6.5.2 The Diaphragm Or Apperture Settings
6.6 Viewfinder
6.6.1 Distance Meter
6.6.2 Infinity
6.7 Camera Lenses
6.7.1 Description
6.7.2 Camera Lens Elements
6.7.3 Types Of Lens Elements
6.7.3.1 Converging Lens Elements (Positive, Spherical Or Convex Lens elements)
6.7.3.2 Diverging Lens Elements (Negative, Hollow Or Concave Lens elements)
6.7.4 The Optical Middle
6.7.5 Focal Length
6.7.6 Types Of Camera Lenses
6.7.6.1 Standard Lenses (Normal Lenses)
6.7.6.2 Zoom Lenses:
6.7.6.3 Mirror Lenses
6.7.6.4 Macro Lenses
6.7.6.5 Wide Angle Lenses
6.7.6.6 Telephoto Lenses
6.7.6.7 Supplementary Lenses
6.8 Maintenance Of Camera Lenses
6.9 Focus

7 Depth Of Field
7.1 Description:
7.2 The Importance Of Depth Of Field
7.3 The Depth Of Field Zone
7.4 The Quantity Of The Depth Of Field
7.5 Determining The Depth Of Field
7.6 Use Of The Depth Of Field Scale

8 Optimum Exposure
8.1 Description:
8.2 Determining The Optimum Exposure

9 Exposure Meters
9.1 Description
9.2 General
9.3 Methods To Take Exposure Meter Readings
9.3.1 Average Brightness Or Reflection Method
9.3.2 The Tilting Method
9.3.3 The Close-Up Method
9.3.4 The Incident Light Method
9.4 The Use Of A Build-In Exposure Meter To Determine The Optimum Exposure

10 Speed Ring And Photographic Calculations

11 Procedure To Take A Photo With A Camera
12 The Automatic Exposure Settings On A Camera
12.1 General
12.2 The Automatic Shutter
12.3 The Automatic Diaphragm

13 Electronic Flashes
13.1 General
13.2 Procedure To Set A Camera When An Electronic Flash Is Used:
13.2.1 General
13.2.2 Manual
13.2.3 Auto
13.3 Flash Techniques
13.3.1 Fill-In Flash
13.3.2 Shiny, Wet And White Subjects
13.3.3 Softening Of The Light Of The Flash
13.3.4 Reflected Flash (Bounce Flash)
13.3.5 Close-Up Shots
13.4 Maintenance Of Flashes

14 Actions With Photographs
14.1 Marking Of Points On Photographs

Part III. Drawing Of Plans (Basic)

1 Introduction

2 The Purpose Of A Plan

3 Terminology

3.1.1 Public Road
3.1.2 Plan
3.1.3 Sketch Plan
3.1.4 According To Scale
3.1.5 Base Line
3.1.6 Fixed Point
3.1.7 Rectangular Method
3.1.8 Road Vehicle Collision
3.2 Introduction To Plan Drawing
3.2.1 Qualities Of A Good Draughtsman
3.3 North Point
3.3.1 Requirements
3.3.2 Determining The North Point By Means Of A Watch
3.4 Rough Sketch
3.4.1 Introduction
3.4.2 Requirements Which The Rough Sketch Must Adhere To:
3.5 Requirements For A Plan
3.5.1 Size
3.5.2 Picture Image
3.5.3 Accuracy
3.5.4 Completeness
3.5.5 Impartiality
3.6 Data On The Plan
3.6.1 Data Which Must Appear On The Plan
3.6.2 Data Which Must Not Appear On The Plan
3.7 Scale
3.7.1 General
3.7.2 Determination Of Scale
3.7.3 Requirements For A Scale

4 Conventional Signs
4.1 Conventional Signs Not To Be Described On A Plan:
4.2 Conventional Signs Are Described In English As Follow:

5 Measurements
5.1 Why Is A Method Necessary To Measure A Scene?
5.2 Phases Of Measuring A Scene:
5.2.1 Safeguarding The Scene And Yourself
5.2.2 Marking The Positions Of The Vehicles And Other Objects (Points)
5.2.3 Measuring The Road
5.3 Methods Of Measuring:
5.3.1 Rectangular (Co-Ordinate) Method
5.3.2 Triangular Method
5.4 Measuring A Straight Road
5.4.1 Determination Of Distances On Completed Plan
5.5 Measuring Of A Curve (Bend)
5.6 Measuring Of An Intersection

6 Use Of Various Sizes Rotring Pens
6.1 Recommended Practical Application

7 Conventional Signs
7.1 Key To The Plan
7.1.1 General
7.1.2 Requirements For A Key To A Plan
7.1.3 Sequence Of The Key

PART IV. ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION

1 Introduction

2 Accident Investigation Procedures
2.1 Report
2.1.1 Approach
2.2 Pre-Investigation
2.2.1 Identify
2.2.2 Safeguard
2.2.2.1 Parking Of Vehicle
2.2.3 Dangerous Goods
2.2.4 Locate
2.3 Scene Investigation
2.3.1 Evidence
2.3.1.1 Indication Of Points At The Scene
2.3.1.1.1 By Drivers
2.3.1.1.2 By Witnesses
2.3.1.2 Exhibits
2.3.1.3 Clues
2.3.2 Observation
2.3.2.1 Tarred Road/Cement
2.3.2.2 Gravel Road
2.3.2.3 General Road/Scene Observations
2.3.2.4 Street Lighting: (If The Collision Occurred DuringThe Night)
2.3.2.5 Climatic Conditions
2.3.2.6 Visibility
2.3.2.7 Pedestrians (Victims)
2.3.2.8 Bicycles
2.3.2.9 Motor Cycles
2.3.2.10 Vehicles
2.3.3 Driver
2.3.4 Witness
2.3.5 Rough Sketch
2.4 Follow-Up
2.4.1 Recovery/Clearance Of Scene
2.4.2 Officer's Accident Report Form (OAR)
2.4.3 Case Dockets
2.4.4 Statements
2.4.5 Plan & Photo Album

3 Drunk Driving

4 Chain Of Events

5 Exhibits

6 Resources

7 Heavy/Articulated Vehicles
7.1 Action List For Heavy/Articulated Vehicles And Busses:

Part V. Giving Of Evidence

1 Introduction
1.1 Preparation
1.2 General Impressions

2 Court Procedures
2.1 Important Points
2.2 Inspection In Loco
2.2.1 While Under Oath
2.2.2 After The Witness Is Excused
2.3 Commission Of Investigation

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